Search results for "Skin absorption."
showing 10 items of 54 documents
Internal exposure of firefighting instructors to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during live fire training
2019
Firefighting instructors in live fire training are inevitably exposed to emissions containing, carcinogenic PAH. The study investigated PAH uptake in a group of firefighting instructors during short-term exposure in live fire training by urinary biomonitoring. Six firefighting instructors (non-smokers) completed five 2 h-training sessions each in a carbonaceous-fired simulation unit using self-containing breathing apparatuses (SCBA). Complying with a minimum time interval of six days between the individual training sessions, the participants provided urine samples before and immediately after, as well as 1, 3, 6, 9, 11, and 18 h after each training session. Samples were analyzed for 10 mono…
Nanoencapsulation in Lipid-Core Nanocapsules Controls Mometasone Furoate Skin Permeability Rate and Its Penetration to the Deeper Skin Layers
2013
<b><i>Aims:</i></b> The influence of nanoencapsulation of mometasone furoate (MF) in poly(ε-caprolactone) lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) on its in vitro human skin permeation and penetration was evaluated. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Semisolid formulations were prepared by increasing the viscosity of LNC using a carbomer (Carbopol® Ultrez at 0.5% w/v). Two complementary techniques (the static Franz diffusion cell model and the Saarbrücken penetration model) were used to evaluate skin permeation/penetration. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The drug release rate was decreased by nanoencapsulation. The skin permeability of MF was control…
Controlled Iontophoretic Delivery in Vitro and in Vivo of ARN14140—A Multitarget Compound for Alzheimer’s Disease
2019
ARN14140 is a galantamine-memantine conjugate that acts upon both cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways for better management of Alzheimer's disease. Poor oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics meant that earlier preclinical in vivo studies employed intracerebroventricular injection to administer ARN14140 directly to the brain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using constant current transdermal iontophoresis for the noninvasive systemic delivery of ARN14140 and to quantify the amounts present in the blood and the brain. Preliminary experiments in vitro were performed using porcine skin and validated with human skin. Cumulative ARN14140 permeation across th…
Simultaneous controlled iontophoretic delivery of pramipexole and rasagiline in vitro and in vivo: Transdermal polypharmacy to treat Parkinson's dise…
2018
[EN] Effective treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) involves administration of therapeutic agents with complementary mechanisms of action in order to replenish, sustain or substitute endogenous dopamine. The objective of this study was to investigate anodal co-iontophoresis of pramipexole (PRAM; dopamine agonist) and rasagiline (RAS; MAO-B inhibitor) in vitro and in vivo. Passive permeation of PRAM and RAS (20 mM each) across porcine skin after 6 h was 15.7 +/- 1.9 and 16.0 +/- 2.9 mu g/cm(2), respectively. Co-iontophoresis at 0.15, 0.3 and 0.5 mA/cm(2) resulted in statistically significant increases in delivery of PRAM and RAS; at 0.5 mA/cm(2), cumulative permeation of PRAM and RAS was 61…
In vitro skin penetration of bronidox, bronopol and formaldehyde from cosmetics
2020
The objective was to evaluate the influence of the formulation in the in vitro transdermal absorption through pig ear skin of three preservatives, bronopol, bronidox and formaldehyde as well as the absorption of formaldehyde from bronopol and dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin (DMDM hydantoin). An aqueous solution, an O/W emulsion and a hydrogel were assayed. Bronidox and bronopol absorption depends on the formulation. The O/W emulsion was the system that least promoted absorption of bronidox while the absorption of bronopol was lower from the hydrogel. The aqueous solution provided maximal transdermal absorption of both preservatives. Moreover, the transdermal absorption of formaldehyde released…
Iontophoretic Transdermal Delivery of Sumatriptan: Effect of Current Density and Ionic Strength
2005
ABSTRACT: Iontophoretic transdermal delivery of sumatriptan was investigated in vitro . Among the conditions tested, 0.25 mA/cm 2 and low ionic strength (NaCl 25 mM) was the best experimental condition to increase its transport across the skin. The flux increased 385-fold respective to passive diffusion, thus resulting in a transdermal flux of sumatriptan of 1273 ± 83 nmol/cm 2 h. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association
Phosphatidylcholine liposomes as carriers to improve topical ascorbic acid treatment of skin disorders
2015
Gabriel Serrano,1,* Patricia Almud&eacute;ver,2,* Juan-Manuel Serrano,1 Javier Milara,2&ndash;5 Ana Torrens,1 Inmaculada Exp&oacute;sito,1 Julio Cortijo2&ndash;51Sesderma Laboratorios, 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 3Clinical Research Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, 4CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, 5Research Foundation of the University General Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain*These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: Liposomes have been intensively investigated as carriers for different applications in dermatology and cosmetics. Ascorbic acid has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proper…
Targeting metabolomics analysis of the sunscreen agent 2-ethylhexyl 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate in human urine by automated on-line solid-phase ext…
2011
The in vivo metabolism of the xenobiotic agent 2-ethylhexyl 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate (EDP), a UV filter commonly used in sunscreen cosmetic products, was studied by targeting metabolomics analysis in human urine. The metabolomic study involved the use of urine from male and female volunteers before and after application of an EDP-containing sunscreen cosmetic. The metabolism of EDP in urine was studied by using the triple quadrupole detector in a combination of Precursor Ion Scanning and Neutral Loss Scanning modes, with and without enzymatic hydrolysis. Detected metabolites were subsequently confirmed as glucuronide conjugates of 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoic acid and 4-(N-methylamino)…
Effect of chemical enhancers on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of sumatriptan succinate
2005
The effects of percutaneous enhancers on the transdermal absorption of sumatriptan succinate were investigated by in vitro permeation studies. Pretreatment of porcine skin with ethanol (vehicle), polyethylene glycol 600, Span 20, oleic acid, R-(+)-limonene, alpha-bisabolol and 1,8-cineole (at 5% in ethanol, w/w) produced in all cases an increase in the flux of sumatriptan. The amount of sumatriptan retained in the skin was also determined. Ethanol has showed a low but significant increment on the drug transdermal flux. Treatment of the skin with alpha-bisabolol shows the same enhancer effect than ethanol. Span 20, oleic acid, and polyethylene glycol 600 have shown a moderate enhancing activ…
Exploring the co-loading of lidocaine chemical forms in surfactant/phospholipid vesicles for improved skin delivery
2015
Abstract Objectives The present study was aimed at targeting the skin to deliver lidocaine loaded in surfactant/phospholipid vesicles tailored for improved local delivery. The influence of different formulation parameters was explored to maximise drug efficacy. Methods The vesicles were prepared using a mixture of soy lipids (Phospholipon 50) and a surfactant with penetration-enhancing properties (Oramix CG110, Labrasol, Labrafac PG or Labrafac CC), and loaded with lidocaine. The formulations were analysed in detail by cryo-TEM, SAXS, Turbiscan Lab, and tested in permeation experiments through new born pig skin, as a function of the chemical form and concentration of lidocaine (i.e. free ba…